The selection of H beams must first be based on three non-negotiable core attributes, as these directly relate to whether the product can meet the structural design requirements.
Material Grade： The most common materials for H beams are carbon structural steel (such as Q235B, Q355B H Beam in Chinese standards, or A36, A572 H Beam in American standards) and low-alloy high-strength steel. Q235B/A36 H Beam is suitable for general civil construction (e.g., residential buildings, small factories) due to its good weldability and low cost; Q355B/A572, with higher yield strength (≥355MPa) and tensile strength, is preferred for heavy-duty projects like bridges, large-span workshops, and high-rise building cores, as it can reduce the cross-sectional size of the beam and save space.
Dimensional Specifications: H beams are defined by three key dimensions: height (H), width (B), and web thickness (d). For example, an H beam labeled "H300×150×6×8" means it has a height of 300mm, width of 150mm, web thickness of 6mm, and flange thickness of 8mm. Small-sized H beams (H≤200mm) are often used for secondary structures like floor joists and partition supports; medium-sized ones (200mm＜H＜400mm) are applied to main beams of multi-story buildings and factory roofs; large-sized H beams (H≥400mm) are indispensable for super high-rises, long-span bridges, and industrial equipment platforms.
Mechanical Performance: Focus on indicators like yield strength, tensile strength, and impact toughness. For projects in cold regions (e.g., northern China, Canada), H beams must pass low-temperature impact tests (such as -40℃ impact toughness ≥34J) to avoid brittle fracture in freezing conditions; for seismic zones, products with good ductility (elongation ≥20%) should be selected to enhance the structure’s earthquake resistance.
